![]() ![]() This reaction is shown in Equation 1 below. In this chemistry science fair project, you will become a rocket scientist, but instead of using rocket fuel and oxidizers, you will use baking sodaĬH 3COOH) to make a different kind of chemical reaction that can launch a small-scale rocket. Mixing the fuel and oxidizer together correctly is complicated and something that real rocket scientists work hard to perfect. This is an example of Isaac Newton's third law of motion, which states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. The pressurized hot gases are pushed out from the bottom of the rocket and thus, the spacecraft is thrust upward. Altogether, the combustion in the spacecraft's rockets produces great amounts of exhaust gas at high temperatures and pressure. At the same time, a great amount of heat is produced because combustion is an exothermic reaction (it makes energy, in the form of heat and/or light). However, the Space Shuttle's two solid rocket boosters used aluminum powder as the fuel and ammonium perchlorate as the oxidizer.ĭuring combustion, new compounds are made and these are called the exhaust. For example, on the Space Shuttle the orbiter's three main engines used liquid hydrogen as the fuel and liquid oxygen as the oxidizer. Usually the fuel is an organic compound (containing hydrogen and/or carbon, and sometimes even metals). Combustion is a fast chemical reaction between a fuel and an oxidizer (such as oxygen) where the fuel is burned or oxidized. Rocket engines function on the principle of combustion. On the right in this picture you can see the Space Shuttle and its three main components: the orbiter (the white winged plane in the middle), the large external fuel tank (behind the orbiter), and two solid rocket boosters (also behind the orbiter, on the left and right sides).Ĭontrary to popular belief, it does not take an explosion to get a spacecraft off of the earth. Rocket engines on spacecrafts, like NASA's Space Shuttle (shown here), use a type of chemical reaction called combustion to launch the spacecraft. ![]() At launch, the two solid rocket boosters, along with the orbiter's three main engines, would power the liftoff. ![]() It had three major components: the orbiter (a winged "space-plane" which held the astronauts and different kinds of payload), the large, dark orange-colored external fuel tank, and two solid rocket boosters. The Space Shuttle did operational flights for 30 years, from 1981 to 2011. One well-known spacecraft that you may have seen launch is the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)'s Space Shuttle, shown in Figure 1 below. ![]() All rockets depend on combustion to provide the thrust that is required for a vessel to overcome the force of gravity and climb into space. I'm just a little OCD that way.Have you ever watched a spacecraft launch on television or seen one live? One question that may have crossed your mind when watching this awesome spectacle is, "How does a spacecraft lift off and get into space?" The simple answer to this question is that the spacecraft has engines that lift it into space. Basically it's a this-happens-then-that-happens live-action play for the entire story.Īs for me, I'm of the Practically Perfect persuasion, and not just because it's fun to say. This is the opposite of the screenplay approach. Settings and character descriptions will be added in later. They simply put their characters on stage and let them talk. Some writers pen only dialogue on their first pass of a book. Sure, there will be a few nits to comb out, but overall this rough draft is about as rough as a baby's behind. This puppy takes a long time to write because plot flow, words, and characters are well thought out, not just slapped down willy-nilly. There will have to be lots of additional information added. So tight, in fact, that there's lots of white space because this is only the essence of a story. A type-anything-and-everything-because-hot-dang-something-might-be-great-in-this-mess kind of mindset.īare bones. Think of this one as stream of consciousness type of writing. So today we're going to do some defining. What a rough draft means to me might mean something totally different to you, and sure as heck is not the same as what Great Aunt Martha thinks it is. You think you know what I mean, right? Well, apparently not, Hoss. Last week I finished a rough draft of my newest novel. ![]()
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